The pantheon
Gods, goddesses, heroes and monsters, from A handy dictionary of mythology — a public-domain dictionary this library publishes in full. Every line below is that book's, with the page it stands on.
- Poetical Histories “Written originally in French by the learned Jesuit, P. GALTRUCHIUS.” Translated into English by MARIUS D’ASSIGNY, B.D. Second edition, 1672. p.2 search the library
- The Pantheon Representing the fabulous histories of the Heathen Gods in a plain and familiar method. By ANDREW TOOKE, A.M. 1713. p.2 search the library
- Mythological ETYMOLOGICAL, AND HISTORICAL DICTIONARY. By W. HOWELL, B.D. 1793. p.2 search the library
- Rowden’S Pagan Deities 1820. p.2 search the library
- Abas a son of Meganira, was turned into a newt, or water-lizard, for deriding the ceremonies of the Sacrifice. p.3 search the library
- Absyrtus brother of Medea. p.3 search the library
- Acheron One of the rivers of the infernal regions to which the spirits of the dead resorted, and waited there till Charon the ferryman took them over. p.3 search the library
- Acidalia a name given to Venus from a fountain in Bœotia. p.3 search the library
- Acis A Sicilian shepherd, loved by the nymph Galatea. One of the Cyclops who was jealous of him crushed him by hurling a rock on him. Galatea turned his blood into a river--the Acis at the foot of Mount Etna. p.3 search the library
- Ades see Hades. p.3
- Adonis the beautiful attendant of Venus, who held her train. He was killed by a boar, and turned by Venus into an anemone. p.3 search the library
- Adversity see Echidna. p.4
- Aello the name of one of the Harpies. p.4 search the library
- Aganippides a name of the Muses, derived from the fountain of Aganippe. p.5 search the library
- Agineus see Apollo. p.5
- Agni Hindu The Hindoo god of lightning. p.5 search the library
- Alcestis wife of Admetus, who, to save her husband’s life, died in his stead, and was restored to life by Hercules. p.5 search the library
- Alcides one of the names of Hercules. p.5 search the library
- Alcmena the mother of Hercules, was daughter of Electrion, a king of Argos. p.5 search the library
- Alectryon a servant of Mars, who was changed by him into a cock because he did not warn his master of the rising of the sun. p.5 search the library
- Alfadur Norse in Scandinavian Mythology the Supreme Being--Father of all. p.5 search the library
- Alma Mammosa a name of Ceres. p.5 search the library
- Alpheus a river god. See Arethusa. p.5 search the library
- Altar A structure on which a sacrifice was offered. The earliest altars were merely heaps of earth or turf or rough unhewn stone; but as the mode of sacrificing became more ceremonious grander altars were built. Some were of marble and brass, ornamented with carvings and bas-reliefs, and the corners with models of the heads of animals. They varied in height from two feet to four, and some were built solid; others were made hollow to retain the blood of the victims. Some were provided with a kind of dish, into which frankincense was thrown to overpower the smell of burning fat. This probably was the origin of the custom of burning incense at the altar. p.6 search the library
- Amber see Heliades. p.6
- Ami’Ca a name of Venus. p.6 search the library
- Ancilia Roman the twelve sacred shields. The first Ancile was supposed to have fallen from heaven in answer to the prayer of Numa Pompilius. It was kept with the greatest care, as it was prophesied that the fate of the Roman people would depend upon its preservation. An order of priesthood was established to take care of the Ancilia, and on 1st March each year the shields were carried in procession, and in the evening there was a great feast called Cœna Saliaris. p.6 search the library
- Andromeda the daughter of Cepheus, king of the Ethiopians, was wife of Perseus, by whom she was rescued when she was chained to a rock and was about to be devoured by a sea-monster. p.6 search the library
- Anemone Venus changed Adonis into this flower. p.6 search the library
- Angeronia otherwise Volupia, was the goddess who had the power of dispelling anguish of mind. p.6 search the library
- Anna Perenna one of the rural divinities. p.7 search the library
- Anteros one of the two Cupids, sons of Venus. p.7 search the library
- Anticlea the mother of Ulysses. p.7 search the library
- Aonides a name of the Muses, from the country Aonia. p.7 search the library
- Aphrodite Greek a Greek name of Venus. p.7 search the library
- Apis a name given to Jupiter by the inhabitants of the Lower Nile. Also the miraculous ox, worshipped in Egypt. p.7 search the library
- Apis King of Argivia. Afterwards called Serapis, the greatest god of the Egyptians. p.7 search the library
- Apollo This famous god, sometime King of Arcadia, was the son of Jupiter and Latona. He was known by several names, but principally by the following:--Sol (the sun); Cynthius, from the mountain called Cynthus in the Isle of Delos, and this same island being his native place obtained for him the name of Delius; Delphinius, from his occasionally assuming the shape of a dolphin. His name of Delphicus was derived from his connection with the splendid Temple at Delphi, where he uttered the famous oracles. Some writers record that this oracle became dumb when Jesus Christ was born. Other common names of Apollo were Didymæus, Nomius, Pæan, and Phœbus. The Greeks called him Agineus because the streets were under his guardianship, and he was called Pythius from having killed the serpent Python. Apollo is usually represented as a handsome young man without beard, crowned with laurel, and having in one hand a bow, and in the other a lyre. The favourite residence of Apollo was on Mount Parnassus, a mountain of Phocis, in Greece, where he presided over the Muses. Apollo was the accredited father of several children, but the two most renowned were Æsculapius and Phæton. p.7 search the library
- Lloyd 1750. p.7 search the library
- Apotheosis The consecration of a god. The ceremony of deification. p.7 search the library
- Apple see Atalanta. p.7
- Arachne a Lybian Princess, who challenged Minerva to a spinning contest, but Minerva struck her on the head with a spindle, and turned her into a spider. p.7 search the library
- Arcadia a delightful country in the centre of Peloponnessus, a favourite place of the gods. Apollo was reputed to have been King of Arcadia. p.7 search the library
- Arcas a son of Calistro, was turned into a he-bear; and afterwards into the constellation called Ursa Minor. p.7 search the library
- Archer see Chiron. p.7
- Areopagus the hill at Athens where Mars was tried for murder before twelve of the gods. p.7 search the library
- Ares The same as Mars, the god of war. p.7 search the library
- Argonauts This name was given to the fifty heroes who sailed to Colchis in the ship Argo under the command of Jason, to fetch the Golden Fleece. p.8 search the library
- Ariadne daughter of Minos, King of Crete. After enabling Theseus to get out of the Labyrinth by means of a clew of thread, she fled with him to Naxos, where he ungratefully deserted her; but Bacchus wooed her and married her, and the crown of seven stars which he gave her was turned into a constellation. p.8 search the library
- Armata one of the names of Venus, given to her by Spartan women. p.8 search the library
- Artemis Greek This was the Grecian name of Diana, and the festivals at Delphi were called Artemesia. p.8 search the library
- Aruspices sacrificial priests. p.8 search the library
- Ascanius the son of Æneas. p.8 search the library
- Ascolia Greek Bacchanalian feasts, from a Greek word meaning a leather bottle. The bottles were used in the games to jump on. p.8 search the library
- Asopus A son of Jupiter, who was killed by one of his father’s thunderbolts. p.8 search the library
- Assabinus the Ethiopian name of Jupiter. p.8 search the library
- Asses-Ears see Midas. p.8
- Astarte one of the Eastern names of Venus. p.8 search the library
- Asteria daughter of Cæus, was carried away by Jupiter, who assumed the shape of an eagle. p.8 search the library
- Astrea mother of Nemesis, was the goddess of justice; she returned to heaven when the earth became corrupt. p.8 search the library
- Ate The goddess of revenge, also called the goddess of discord and all evil. She was banished from heaven by her father Jupiter. p.9 search the library
- Athena a name obtained by Minerva as the tutelary goddess of Athens. p.9 search the library
- Atlas was King of Mauritania, now Morocco, in Africa. He was also a great astronomer. He is depicted with the globe on his back, his name signifying great toil or labour. For his inhospitality to Perseus that king changed him into the mountain which bears his name of Atlas. A chain of mountains in Africa is called after him, and so is the Atlantic Ocean. He had seven daughters by his wife Pleione, they were called by one common name, Pleiades; and by his wife Æthra he had seven more, who were, in the same manner, called Hyades. Both the Pleiades and the Hyades are celestial constellations. p.9 search the library
- Atreus the type of fraternal hatred. His dislike of his brother Thyestes went to the extent of killing and roasting his nephews, and inviting their father to a feast, which Thyestes thought was a sign of reconciliation, but he was the victim of his brother’s detestable cruelty. p.9 search the library
- Atropos one of the three sisters called _The Fates_, who held the shears ready to cut the thread of life. p.9 search the library
- Atys son of Crœsus, was born dumb, but when in a fight he saw a soldier about to kill the king, he gained speech, and cried out, “Save the king!” and the string that held his tongue was broken. p.9 search the library
- Augury This was a means adopted by the Romans of forming a judgment of futurity by the flight of birds, and the officiating priest was called an augur. p.9 search the library
- Aurora the goddess of the morning, p.9 search the library
- Auster the south wind, a son of Jupiter. p.10 search the library
- Avernus a poisonous lake, referred to by poets as being at the entrance of the infernal regions, but it was really a lake in Campania in Italy. p.10 search the library
- Averruncus Deus Roman a Roman god, who could divert people from evil doing. p.10 search the library
- Axe see Dædalus. p.10
- Baal a god of the Phœnicians. p.10 search the library
- Baal-Peor a Moabitish god, associated with licentiousness and obscenity. The modern name is Belphegor. p.10 search the library
- Babes see Rumina Dea. p.10
- Bacchantes The priestesses of Bacchus. p.10 search the library
- Bacchus the god of wine, was the son of Jupiter and Semele. He is said to have married Ariadne, daughter of Minos, King of Crete, after she was deserted by Theseus. The most distinguished of his children is Hymen, the god of marriage. Bacchus is sometimes referred to under the names of Dionysius, Biformis, Brisœus, Iacchus, Lenæus, Lyceus, Liber, and Liber Pater, the symbol of liberty. The god of wine is usually represented as crowned with vine and ivy leaves. In his left hand is a thyrsus, a kind of javelin, having a fir cone for the head, and being encircled with ivy or vine. His chariot is drawn by lions, tigers, or panthers. p.10 search the library
- Balios A famous horse given by Neptune to Peleus as a wedding present, and was afterwards given to Achilles. p.10 search the library
- Barker see Anubis. p.10
- Bassarides The priestesses of Bacchus were sometimes so called. p.10 search the library
- Battle see Valhalla. p.10
- Bear see Calistro. p.10
- Beauty see Venus. p.10
- Bees see Mellona. p.10
- Belisama a goddess of the Gauls. The name means the Queen of Heaven. p.10 search the library
- Bellerophon a hero who destroyed a monster called the Chimæra. p.10 search the library
- Bellona the goddess of war, and wife of Mars. The 24th March was called Bellona’s Day, when her votaries cut themselves with knives and drank the blood of the sacrifice. p.10 search the library
- Belphegor see Baal-Peor. p.10
- Belus Assyrian or Babylonian The Chaldean name of the sun. p.10 search the library
- Berecynthia a name of Cybele, from a mountain where she was worshipped. p.10 search the library
- Biformis a name of Bacchus, because he was accounted both bearded and beardless. p.10 search the library
- Birds see Augury. p.10
- Births see Lucina and Levana. p.10
- Blacksmith see Brontes and Vulcan. p.10
- Blind see Thanyris. p.10
- Blue Eyes see Glaukopis. p.10
- Bona Dea “The bountiful goddess,” whose festival was celebrated by the Romans with much magnificence. See Ceres. p.10 search the library
- Bonus Eventus The god of good success, a rural divinity. p.10 search the library
- Boreas the north wind, son of Astræus and Aurora. p.10 search the library
- Young 1710. p.10 search the library
- Boundaries see Terminus. p.10
- Boxing see Pollux. p.10
- Brahma Hindu The great Indian deity, represented with four heads looking to the four quarters of the globe. p.11 search the library
- Briareus see Ægeon. p.11
- Brontes one of the Cyclops. He is the personification of a blacksmith. p.11 search the library
- Bubona goddess of herdsmen, one of the rural divinities. p.11 search the library
- Buddah A pagan deity, the Vishnu of the Hindoos. p.11 search the library
- Byblis A niece of Sol, mentioned by Ovid. She shed so many tears for unrequited love that she was turned into a fountain. p.11 search the library
- Cabiri The mysterious rites connected with the worship of these deities were so obscene that most writers refer to them as secrets which it was unlawful to reveal. p.11 search the library
- Cacus a three-headed monster and robber. p.11 search the library
- Cadmus Greek one of the earliest of the Greek demigods. He was the reputed inventor of letters, and his alphabet consisted of sixteen letters. It was Cadmus who slew the Bœotian dragon, and sowed its teeth in the ground, from each of which sprang up an armed man. p.11 search the library
- Caduceus The rod carried by Mercury. It has two winged serpents entwined round the top end. It was supposed to possess the power of producing sleep, and Milton refers to it in _Paradise Lost_ as the “opiate rod.” p.11 search the library
- Calistro an Arcadian nymph, who was turned into a she-bear by Jupiter. In that form she was hunted by her son Arcas, who would have killed her had not Jupiter turned him into a he-bear. The nymph and her son form the constellations known as the Great Bear and Little Bear. p.11 search the library
- Calliope The Muse who presided over epic poetry and rhetoric. She is generally depicted using a stylus and wax tablets, the ancient writing materials. p.11 search the library
- Calpe One of the pillars of Hercules. p.11 search the library
- Cama Hindu The Indian god of love and marriage. p.11 search the library
- Camillus a name of Mercury, from his office of minister to the gods. p.11 search the library
- Canache The name of one of Actæon’s hounds. p.11 search the library
- Canoba Hindu The Indian Apollo. p.11 search the library
- Canopus Egyptian The Egyptian god of water, the conqueror of fire. p.11 search the library
- Capitolinus A name of Jupiter, from the Capitoline hill, on the top of which a temple was built and dedicated to him. p.11 search the library
- Capripedes Pan, the Egipans, the Satyrs, and Fauns, were so called from having goats’ feet. p.11 search the library
- Caprotina A name of Juno. p.11 search the library
- Cassandra a daughter of Priam and Hecuba, who was granted by Apollo the power of seeing into futurity, but having offended that god he prevented people from believing her predictions. p.11 search the library
- Cassiopeia The Ethiopian queen who set her beauty in comparison with that of the Nereides, who thereupon chained her to a rock and left her to be devoured by a sea-monster, but she was delivered by Perseus. p.11 search the library
- Castalia One of the fountains in Mount Parnassus, sacred to the Muses. p.11 search the library
- Castalides a name of the Muses, from the fountain Castalia or Castalius. p.11 search the library
- Castor son of Jupiter and Leda, twin brother of Pollux, noted for his skill in horsemanship. He went with Jason in quest of the Golden Fleece. p.12 search the library
- Cauther in Mohammedan mythology, is the lake of paradise, whose waters are as sweet as honey, as cold as snow, and as clear as crystal; and any believer who tastes thereof is said to thirst no more. p.12 search the library
- Centaur A huntsman who had the fore-part like a man, and the remainder of the body like a horse. The Centauri lived in Thessaly. p.12 search the library
- Ceraunius Greek A Greek name of Jupiter, meaning The Fulminator, from his thunderbolts. p.12 search the library
- Cerberus Pluto’s famous three-headed dog, which guarded the gate of the infernal regions, preventing the living from entering, and the inhabitants from going out. p.12 search the library
- Ceremonies see Themis. p.12
- Ceres daughter of Saturn, the goddess of agriculture, and of the fruits of earth. She taught Triptolemus how to grow corn, and sent him to teach the inhabitants of the earth. She was known by the names of Magna Dea, Bona Dea, Alma Mammosa, and Thesmorphonis. Ceres was the mother of Prosperine. See Ambarvalia. p.12 search the library
- Cestus the girdle of Venus, which excited irresistible affection. p.12 search the library
- Charybdis A dangerous whirlpool on the coast of Sicily. Personified, it was supposed to have been a woman who plundered travellers, but was at last killed by Hercules. Scylla and Charybdis are generally spoken of together to represent alternative dangers. p.12 search the library
- Chemos The Moabitish god of war. p.12 search the library
- Children see Nundina. p.12
- Chiron the centaur who taught Achilles hunting, music, and the use of medicinal herbs. Jupiter placed him amongst the stars, where he appears as Sagittarius the Archer. p.13 search the library
- Chloris Greek The Greek name of Flora, the goddess of flowers. p.13 search the library
- Chou Roman An Egyptian god corresponding to the Roman Hercules. p.13 search the library
- Chronos Greek Time, the Grecian name of Saturn. p.13 search the library
- Cillaros see Cyllaros. p.13
- Circe daughter of the Sun. The knowledge of poisonous herbs enabled her to destroy her husband, the King of the Sarmatians, for which act she was banished. When Ulysses landed at Æcea, where she lived, she turned all his followers into swine. p.13 search the library
- Cisseta The name of one of Actæon’s hounds. p.13 search the library
- Citherides A name of the Muses, from Mount Citheron. p.13 search the library
- Clio One of the Muses, daughter of Jupiter and Mnemosyne. She presided over history. p.13 search the library
- Cloacina Roman The Roman goddess of sewers. p.13 search the library
- Clowns Of Lycia THE, were changed into frogs by Latona, because they refused to allow her to drink at one of their streamlets. p.13 search the library
- Cluacina A name of Venus, given to her at the time of the reconciliation of the Romans and the Sabines, which was ratified near a statue of the goddess. p.13 search the library
- Clytemnestra wife of Agamemnon, slew her husband and married Ægisthus. She attempted to kill her son Orestes, but he was delivered by his sister Electra, who sent him away to Strophius. He afterwards returned and slew both Clytemnestra and Ægisthus. p.13 search the library
- Clytie A nymph who got herself changed into a sunflower because her love of Apollo was unrequited. In the form of this flower she is still supposed to be turning towards Sol, a name of Apollo. p.13 search the library
- Cneph Egyptian In Egyptian mythology the creator of the universe. p.13 search the library
- Cocytus the river of Lamentation. One of the five rivers of the infernal regions. p.13 search the library
- Comedy see Thalia. p.13
- Concord The symbol of Concord was two right hands joined, and a pomegranate. p.13 search the library
- Concordia Roman The goddess of peace. One of the oldest Roman goddesses. She is represented as holding a horn of plenty in one hand, and in the other a sceptre, from which fruit is sprouting forth. p.14 search the library
- Constancy see Cephalus. p.14
- Consualia Games sacred to Neptune. p.14 search the library
- Consus A name given to Neptune as being the god of counsel. p.14 search the library
- Cophetua A legendary king of Africa, who disliked women, but ultimately fell in love with a “beggar-maid,” as mentioned in _Romeo and Juliet_. p.14 search the library
- Copia the goddess of plenty. p.14 search the library
- Coran One of Actæon’s hounds was so named. p.14 search the library
- Corn see Ceres. p.14
- Coronis was a consort of Apollo and mother of Æsculapius. Another Coronis was daughter of a king of Phocis, and was changed by Athena into a crow. p.14 search the library
- Corydon A silly love-sick swain mentioned by Virgil. p.14 search the library
- Corythaix A name given to Mars, meaning Shaker of the Helmet. p.14 search the library
- Cotytto The Athenian goddess of immodesty. p.14 search the library
- Counsel see Consus. p.14
- Creditors see Jani. p.14
- Crow see Coronis. p.14
- Cultivated Land see Sylvester. p.14
- Cup-Bearer see Ganymede. p.14
- Cupid the god of love, was the son of Jupiter and Venus. He is represented as a naked, winged boy, with a bow and arrows, and a torch. When he grew up to be a man he married Psyche. p.14 search the library
- Eusden 1713. p.14 search the library
- Cuvera Greek The Indian god of wealth, corresponding to the Greek Plutus. p.14 search the library
- Cybele The mother of the gods, and hence called Magna Mater. She was wife of Saturn. She is sometimes referred to under the names of Ceres, Rhea, Ops, and Vesta. She is represented as riding in a chariot drawn by lions. In one hand she holds a sceptre, and in the other a key. On her head is a castellated crown, to notify that she was the first to protect castles and walls with towers. p.14 search the library
- Cygnus the bosom friend of Phaëton. He died of grief on the death of his friend, and was turned into a swan. p.14 search the library
- Cyllaros one of Castor’s horses. The colour is mentioned as being coal-black, with white legs and tail. See Cillaros. p.14 search the library
- Cyllo The name of one of Actæon’s hounds, which was lame. p.14 search the library
- Cyllopotes A name given to one of Actæon’s hounds which limped. p.14 search the library
- Cynosure One of the nurses of Jupiter, turned by the god into a conspicuous constellation. p.14 search the library
- Cyparissus A boy of whom Apollo was very fond; and when he died he was changed, at Apollo’s intercession, into a cypress tree, the branches of which typify mourning. p.15 search the library
- Cypress see Cyparissus. p.15
- Cypria A name of Venus, because she was worshipped in the island of Cyprus. p.15 search the library
- Cythera A name of Venus, from the island to which she was wafted in the shell. p.15 search the library
- Dagon A god of the Philistines, half man half fish, like the mermaid. Milton describes him as “Upward man and downward fish.” p.15 search the library
- Dahak Persian The Persian devil. p.15 search the library
- Daityas Hindu In Hindoo mythology the devils or evil gods. p.15 search the library
- Danaides see Danaus. p.15
- Danaus King of Argos, was the father of fifty daughters, who, all but one, at the command of their father, slew their husbands directly after marriage. For this crime they were condemned to the task of for ever trying to draw water with vessels without any bottoms. See Hypermnestra. p.15 search the library
- Dancing see Terpsichore. p.15
- Dangers see Scylla. p.15
- Daphne The goddess of the earth. Apollo courted her, but she fled from him, and was, at her own request, turned into a laurel tree. p.15 search the library
- Dardanus a son of Jupiter, who built the city of Dardania, and by some writers was accounted the founder of Troy. p.15 search the library
- Dead-Toll see Charon. p.15
- Death see Nox. p.15
- Deceiver THE, see Apaturia. p.15 search the library
- Deianira daughter of Œneus, was wife of Hercules. See Hercules. p.15 search the library
- Delos a name of Apollo, from the island in which he was born. p.15 search the library
- Delphi A town on Mount Parnassus, famous for its oracle, and for a temple of Apollo. See Delphos. p.15 search the library
- Delphicus A name of Apollo, from Delphi. p.15 search the library
- Delphos the place where the temple was built from which the oracle of Apollo was given. p.15 search the library
- Demarus The Phœnician name of Jupiter. p.15 search the library
- Deuchalion one of the demigods, son of Prometheus and Pyrra. He and his wife, by making a ship, survived the deluge which Jupiter sent on the earth, circa 1503 B.C. p.15 search the library
- Devil see Dahak, Daityas, and Obambou. p.15
- Diana goddess of hunting and of chastity. She was the sister of Apollo, and daughter of Jupiter and Latona. She was known amongst the Greeks as Diana or Phœbe, and was honoured as a triform goddess. As a celestial divinity she was called Luna; as a terrestrial Diana or Dictynna; and in the infernal regions Hecate. p.16 search the library
- Dictynna Greek a Greek name of Diana as a terrestrial goddess. p.16 search the library
- Dido Roman A daughter of Belus, King of Tyre. It was this princess who bought a piece of land in Africa as large as could be encompassed by a bullock’s hide, and when the purchase was completed, cut the hide into strips, and so secured a large tract of land. Here she built Carthage; and Virgil tells that when Æneas was shipwrecked on the neighbouring coast, she received him with every kindness, and at last fell in love with him. But Æneas did not reciprocate her affections, and this so grieved her that she stabbed herself. A tale is told in _Facetiæ Cantabrigienses_ of Professor Porson, who being one of a set party, the conversation turned on the subject of punning, when Porson observing that he could pun on any subject, a person present defied him to do so on the Latin gerunds, _di_, _do_, _dum_, which, however, he immediately did in the following admirable couplet:-- p.16 search the library
- Dies Pater or Father of the Day, a name of Jupiter. p.16 search the library
- Dindymene A name of Cybele, from a mountain where she was worshipped. p.16 search the library
- Diomedes the cruel tyrant of Thrace, who fed his mares on the flesh of his guests, was overcome by Hercules, and was given to the same horses as food. p.16 search the library
- Dione A poetic name of Venus. p.16 search the library
- Dionysius A name of Bacchus, either from his father Jupiter (Dios), or from his nurses, the nymphs called Nyseæ. p.16 search the library
- Dios a name of Jupiter. p.16 search the library
- Dioscuri Castor and Pollux, the sons of Jupiter. p.16 search the library
- Dis A name of Pluto, god of hell, signifying riches. p.16 search the library
- Discord see Ate. p.16
- Discordia sister of Nemesis, the Furies, and Death, was driven from heaven for having sown discord amongst the gods. p.16 search the library
- Diseases see Pandora. p.16
- Distaff see Pallas. p.16
- Dog see Lares. p.16
- Dolabra The knife used by the priests to cut up the sacrifices. p.16 search the library
- Dolphin see Arion. p.16
- Doorga Hindu A Hindoo goddess. p.16 search the library
- Doto One of the Nereids or sea nymphs. p.16 search the library
- Draco One of Actæon’s hounds. p.16 search the library
- Dragon seven-headed, see Geryon. p.16 search the library
- Dreams see Morpheus. p.16
- Dumbness see Atys. p.17
- Dweurgar Norse Scandinavian god of the Echo--a pigmy. p.17 search the library
- Eacus son of Jupiter and Egina, one of the judges of the infernal regions, who was appointed to judge the Europeans. See Æacus. p.17 search the library
- Earth see Antæas. p.17
- Eblis the Mohammedan evil genius. p.17 search the library
- Echidna A woman having a serpent’s tail. She was the reputed mother of Chimera, and also of the many-headed dog Orthos, of the three hundred headed dragon, of the Hesperides, of the Colchian dragon, of the Sphinx, of Cerberus, of Scylla, of the Gorgons, of the Lernæan Hydra, of the vulture that gnawed away the liver of Prometheus, and also of the Nemean lion; in fact, the mother of all adversity and tribulation. p.17 search the library
- Echnobas one of Actæon’s hounds. p.17 search the library
- Egeon A giant sea-god, who assisted the Titans against Jupiter. p.17 search the library
- Egeria A nymph who is said to have suggested to Numa all his wise laws. She became his wife, and at his death was so disconsolate, and shed so many tears, that Diana changed her into a fountain. p.17 search the library
- Egil The Vulcan of northern mythology. p.17 search the library
- Eleusinian Mysteries Religious rites in honour of Ceres, performed at Eleusis in Attica. p.17 search the library
- Elysium or the ELYSIAN FIELDS. The temporary abode of the just in the infernal regions. p.17 search the library
- Empyrean THE. The fifth heaven, the seat of the heathen deity. p.17 search the library
- Endymion A shepherd, who acquired from Jupiter the faculty of being always young. One of the lovers of Diana. p.17 search the library
- Entertainments see Comus. p.17
- Envy see Furies. p.17
- Eolus see Æolus. p.17
- Eos Greek The Grecian name of Aurora. p.17 search the library
- Eous Greek One of the four horses which drew the chariot of Sol, the sun. The word is Greek, and means red. p.17 search the library
- Ephialtes A giant who lost his right eye in an encounter with Hercules, and the left eye was destroyed by Apollo. p.17 search the library
- Erato One of the Muses, the patroness of light poetry; she presided over the triumphs and complaints of lovers, and is generally represented as crowned with roses and myrtle, and holding a lyre in her hand. p.17 search the library
- Erebus son of Chaos, one of the gods of Hades, sometimes alluded to as representing the infernal regions. p.18 search the library
- Ergatis A name given to Minerva. It means the work-woman, and was given to the goddess because she was credited with having invented spinning and weaving. p.18 search the library
- Erictheus fourth King of Athens, was the son of Vulcan. p.18 search the library
- Erinnys Greek A Greek name of the Furies. It means Disturber of the Mind. p.18 search the library
- Eros Greek The Greek god of love. p.18 search the library
- Erostratus The rascal who burnt the temple of Diana at Ephesus, thereby hoping to make his name immortal. p.18 search the library
- Erycina A name of Venus, from Mount Eryx in Sicily. p.18 search the library
- Erythreos Greek The Grecian name of one of the horses of Sol’s chariot. p.18 search the library
- Esculapius see Æsculapius. p.18
- Eta see Æta. p.18
- Ethon Greek one of the horses who drew the chariot of Sol--the sun. The word is Greek, and signifies hot. p.18 search the library
- Etna A volcanic mountain, beneath which, according to Virgil, there is buried the giant Typhon, who breathes forth devouring flames. p.18 search the library
- Eudromos The name of one of Actæon’s hounds. p.18 search the library
- Eulalon one of the names of Apollo. p.18 search the library
- Eumenides a name of the Furies, meaning mild, and referring to the time when they were approved by Minerva. p.18 search the library
- Euphrosyne one of the three Graces, see Graces. p.18 search the library
- Eurus The east wind. A son of Æolus. p.18 search the library
- Eurydice wife of Orpheus, who was killed by a serpent on her wedding night. p.18 search the library
- Eurythion A seven-headed dragon. See Geryon. p.18 search the library
- Euterpe one of the Muses, the patroness of instrumental music. The word means agreeable. p.18 search the library
- Euvyhe an expression meaning “Well done, son.” Jupiter so frequently addressed his son Bacchus by those words that the phrase at last became one of his names. p.18 search the library
- Evening Star see Hesperus. p.18
- Evil see Cacodæmon. p.18
- Evils see Pandora. p.18
- Eye see Cyclops and Glaukopis. p.18
- Fate see Nereus. p.18
- Fates or PARCÆ, were the three daughters of Necessity. Their names were Clotho, who held the distaff; Lachesis, who turned the spindle; and Atropos, who cut the thread with the fatal shears. p.18 search the library
- Faun A rural divinity, half man and half goat. They were very similar to the Satyrs. The Fauns attended the god Pan, and the Satyrs attended Bacchus. p.18 search the library
- Favonius The wind favourable to vegetation, that is, Zephyr--the west wind. p.18 search the library
- Feasts see Comus. p.18
- Februus A name of Plato, from the part of the funeral rites which consisted of purifications. p.19 search the library
- Feronia Roman the Roman goddess of orchards, was patroness of enfranchised slaves. Some authors think Feronia is the same as Juno. p.19 search the library
- Fertility see Lupercus. p.19
- Festivals see Thalia. p.19
- Fidelity see Iolaus. p.19
- Fides the goddess of faith and honesty, had a temple in the Capitol of Rome. p.19 search the library
- Fine Arts see Minerva. p.19
- Fire see Salamander, Vesta, and Vulcan. p.19
- Fire Insurance see Canopus. p.19
- Fisherman see Glaucus. p.19
- Flath-Innis Celtic in Celtic mythology, is Paradise. p.19 search the library
- Fleece GOLDEN, see Golden Fleece, Argonauts, and Jason. p.19 search the library
- Flies see Muscarius. p.19
- Flocks see Pales. p.19
- Flora Greek goddess of flowers and gardens, was wife of Zephyrus. She enjoyed perpetual youth. Her Grecian name was Chloris. p.19 search the library
- Flowers see Flora, Chloris, Hortensis, and Zephyrus. p.19
- Flute see Marsyas. p.19
- Fortuna the goddess of fortune, had a temple erected to her by Servius Tullius. She was supposed to be able to bestow riches or poverty on mankind, and was esteemed one of the most potent of the ancient goddesses. She is usually represented as standing on a wheel, with a bandage over her eyes, and holding a cornucopia. p.19 search the library
- Fraud one of the evil deities, was represented as a goddess with a human face and a serpent’s body, and in the end of her tail was a scorpion’s sting. She lived in the river Cocytus, and nothing but her head was ever seen. p.19 search the library
- Freyr Norse The Scandinavian god of fertility and peace. The patron god of Sweden and Iceland. p.19 search the library
- Freyja Norse The Scandinavian Venus. The goddess of love. p.19 search the library
- Friga Norse The Saxon goddess of earthly enjoyments. The name Friday is derived from her. In Scandinavian mythology she is the goddess of marriage. p.19 search the library
- Fro Norse The Scandinavian god of tempests and winds. p.19 search the library
- Frogs see Clowns of Lycia. p.19
- Fruits see Ceres and Pomona. p.19
- Funerals see Libitina and Manes. p.19
- Furies THE, were the three daughters of Acheron and Nox. They were the punishers of evildoers. Their names were Tisiphone, Megæra, and Alecto, and were supposed to personify rage, slaughter, and envy. p.19 search the library
- Futurity see Cassandra. p.19
- Gabriel in Jewish mythology is the prince of fire and thunder, and the angel of death to the favoured people of God. p.19 search the library
- Gallantes madmen, from Galli (which see). p.19 search the library
- Ganesa Hindu The Indian Mercury. The god of wisdom and prudence. p.19 search the library
- Ganga Hindu One of the three Indian river goddesses. p.19 search the library
- Ganymede a beautiful Phrygian youth, son of Tros, King of Troy. He succeeded Hebe in the office of cup-bearer to Jupiter. He is generally represented sitting on the back of a flying eagle. p.19 search the library
- Gardens see Pomona. p.19
- Gates see Janus. p.19
- Gautama The chief deity of Burmah. p.19 search the library
- Genitor A Lycian name of Jupiter. p.19 search the library
- Geometry see Mercury. p.20
- Gimlet see Dædalus. p.20
- Girdle see Cestus. p.20
- Glaukopis A name given to Minerva, because she had blue eyes. p.20 search the library
- Gnomes a name given by Plato to the invisible deities who were supposed to inhabit the earth. p.20 search the library
- Gnossis a name given to Ariadne, from the city of Gnossus in Crete. p.20 search the library
- Goat see Iphigenia, Mendes, and Venus. p.20
- Goat’S Feet see Capripedes. p.20
- Golden Apple see Atalanta. p.20
- Golden Fleece THE, was a ram’s hide, sometimes described as white, and at other times as purple and golden. It was given to Phryxus, who carried it to Colchis, where King Æta entertained Phryxus, and the hide was hung up in the grove of Mars. Jason and forty-nine companions fetched back the golden fleece. See Argonauts. p.20 search the library
- Gopya Hindu Indian mythological nymphs. p.20 search the library
- Gorgons THE, were three sisters, named Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa. They petrified every one they looked at. Instead of hair their heads were covered with vipers. Perseus conquered them, and cut off the head of Medusa, which was placed on the shield of Minerva, and all who fixed their eyes thereon were turned into stone. p.20 search the library
- Graces THE, were the attendants of Venus. Their names were, Aglaia, so called from her beauty and goodness; Thalia, from her perpetual freshness; and Euphrosyne, from her cheerfulness. They are generally depicted as three cheerful maidens with hands joined, and either nude or only wearing transparent robes,--the idea being that kindnesses, as personified by the Graces, should be done with sincerity and candour, and without disguise. They were supposed to teach the duties of gratitude and friendship, and they promoted love and harmony among mankind. p.20 search the library
- Gradivus A name given to Mars by the Romans. It meant the warrior who defended the city against all external enemies. p.20 search the library
- Gragus The name by which Jupiter was worshipped in Lycia. p.20 search the library
- Granaries see Tutelina. p.20
- Grapsios A Lycian name of Jupiter. p.20 search the library
- Grasshopper see Tithonus. p.20
- Grief see Niobe. p.20
- Hada Assyrian or Babylonian The Babylonian Juno. p.20 search the library
- Hades Greek The Greek name of Pluto, the god of hell, the word signifying hidden, dark, and gloomy; the infernal regions; sometimes written, _Ades_. p.20 search the library
- Hailstorms see Nuriel. p.20
- Halcyone one of the Pleiades, was a daughter of Atlas and Pelione. p.20 search the library
- Happiness see Genii. p.20
- Haroeris Egyptian The Egyptian god, whose eyes are the sun and moon. p.20 search the library
- Harpikruti Egyptian The Egyptian name of the god Harpocrates. p.21 search the library
- Harpocrates son of Isis, was the god of silence and meditation. He is usually represented as a young man, holding a finger of one hand to his lips, while in the other hand he holds a cornucopia. p.21 search the library
- Harvest see Segesta. p.21
- Hawk see Nysus. p.21
- Hazis The Syrian war-god. p.21 search the library
- Health see Hygeia and Salus. p.21
- Heaven QUEEN OF, see Belisama. God of, see Cœlus. p.21 search the library
- Hecate There were two goddesses known by this name, but the one generally referred to in modern literature is Hecate, or Prosperine, the name by which Diana was known in the infernal regions. In heaven her name was Luna, and her terrestrial name was Diana. p.21 search the library
- Hecuba The mother of Paris, was allotted to Ulysses after the destruction of Troy, and was afterwards changed into a hound. p.21 search the library
- Heifer see Ino. p.21
- Helicon A mountain in Bœotia sacred to the Muses, from which place the fountain Hippocrene flowed. p.21 search the library
- Broom 1720. p.21 search the library
- Heliconides A name of the Muses, from Mount Helicon. p.21 search the library
- Heliopolis in Elysium, was the city of the sun. p.21 search the library
- Helios Greek The Grecian sun-god, who went home every evening in a golden boat which had wings. p.21 search the library
- Heliotrope Clytie was turned into this flower by Apollo. See Clytie. p.21 search the library
- Hellespontiacus A title of Priapus. p.22 search the library
- Hemphta Egyptian The Egyptian god Jupiter. p.22 search the library
- Hera Greek The Greek name of Juno. p.22 search the library
- Heracles is the same as Hercules. p.22 search the library
- Herdsmen see Bubona. p.22
- Hermanubis see Anubis. p.22
- Hermes Greek A Greek name of the god Mercury. p.22 search the library
- Hermione daughter of Mars and Venus, who was turned into a serpent, and allowed to live in the Elysian fields. There was another Hermione, daughter of Menelaus; she was betrothed to Orestes, but was carried away by Pyrrhus, the son of Achilles. p.23 search the library
- Hero A priestess of Venus, with whom Leander was so enamoured that he swam across the Hellespont every night to visit her, but at last was drowned; when Hero threw herself into the sea and was drowned also. p.23 search the library
- Heroes see Valhalla. p.23
- Hesperides Three daughters of Hesperus, King of Italy. They kept in their garden the golden apples which Juno gave Jupiter on their wedding day. See Hercules. p.23 search the library
- Hesperus brother of Atlas, was changed into the evening star. p.23 search the library
- Hestia Greek The Greek name of Vesta. p.23 search the library
- Hieroglyphics see Mercury. p.23
- Highways see Janus. p.23
- Hildur Norse The Scandinavian Mars. p.23 search the library
- Hippia A name of Minerva. p.23 search the library
- Hippius A name of Neptune. p.23 search the library
- Hippocampus The name of Neptune’s favourite horse. p.23 search the library
- Hippocrenides a name of the Muses, from the fountain of Hippocrene (the horse fountain), which was formed by a kick of the winged horse Pegasus. p.23 search the library
- Hippolyte queen of the Amazons, daughter of Mars. Her father gave her a famous girdle, which Hercules was required to procure (see Hercules). She was conquered by Hercules, and given by him in marriage to Theseus. p.23 search the library
- History see Clio and Saga. p.23
- Honey see Aristæus and Dryads. p.23
- Hope see Pandora. p.23
- Horse see Cyllaros. p.23
- Horse Races see Neptune. p.23
- Horses see Hippona. p.23
- Hortensis a name of Venus, because she looked after plants and flowers in gardens. p.23 search the library
- Horus Egyptian A name of Sol, the Egyptian day god. p.23 search the library
- Hostilina A rural divinity; goddess of growing corn. p.23 search the library
- Hunger see Erisichthon. p.23
- Hunting see Diana. p.23
- Huntsmen see Pan. p.23
- Hydra A famous monster serpent, which had many heads. It was slain by Hercules. See Hercules. p.23 search the library
- Hygeia the goddess of health, was a daughter of Æsculapius and Epione. She was represented as a young woman feeding a serpent, which is twined round her arm. p.23 search the library
- Hylas A beautiful boy beloved by Hercules. The nymphs were jealous of him, and spirited him away while he was drawing water for Hercules. p.23 search the library
- Hymen Greek the Grecian god of marriage, was either the son of Bacchus and Venus, or, as some say, of Apollo and one of the Muses. He was represented as a handsome youth, holding in his hand a burning torch. p.23 search the library
- Hymn see Pæan. p.24
- Hyperion Son of Cœlus and Terra. The model of manly beauty, synonymous with Apollo. The personification of the sun. p.24 search the library
- Hypermnestra One of the fifty daughters of Danaus, who were collectively called the Danaides. She was the one who refused to kill her husband on the wedding night. See Danaus. p.24 search the library
- Iacchus A name of Bacchus. p.24 search the library
- Iapetos The father of Atlas. See Japetus. p.24 search the library
- Iblees The Arabian Satan. p.24 search the library
- Icarus son of Dædalus, who with his father made themselves wings with which to fly from Crete. They were fixed to the shoulders by wax. Icarus flew too near the sun, and the heat melting the wax, caused the wings to drop off, and he fell into the sea and was drowned. p.24 search the library
- Ichnobate One of Actæon’s hounds; it means tracker. p.24 search the library
- Idalia A name of Venus, from Mount Idalus. p.24 search the library
- Incendiary see Erostratus. p.24
- Incense see Venus. p.24
- Incubus Roman A Roman name of Pan, meaning The Nightmare. See Innus. p.24 search the library
- Indra Hindu The Hindoo Jupiter; his wife was Indrant, who presides over the winds and thunder. p.24 search the library
- Infants see Natio. p.24
- Innus A name of Pan, the same as Incubus. p.24 search the library
- Ino second wife of Athamas, King of Thebes, father of Phryxus and Helle. Ino had two children, who could not ascend the throne while Phryxus and Helle were alive. Ino therefore persecuted them to such a degree that they determined to escape. They did so on a ram, whose hide became the Golden Fleece (see Phryxus and Helle). Ino destroyed herself, and was changed by Neptune into a sea-goddess. p.24 search the library
- Instrumental Music see Euterpe. p.24
- Iolaus son of Iphicles, assisted Hercules in conquering the Hydra, by burning with hot irons the place where the heads were cut off; and for his assistance he was restored to youth by Hebe. Lovers used to go to his monument at Phosis and ratify their vows of fidelity. p.24 search the library
- Iothun Celtic Celtic mythological monsters, or giants. p.24 search the library
- Iris daughter of Thaumas and Electra, was the attendant of Juno, and one of the messengers of the gods. Her duty was to cut the thread which detained expiring souls. She is the personification of the rainbow. p.25 search the library
- Iron see Vulcan. p.25
- Isis wife of Osiris, see Io. p.25 search the library
- Janitor A title of Janus, from the gates before the doors of private houses being called Januæ. p.25 search the library
- Janus A king of Italy, said to have been the son of Cœlus, others say of Apollo; he sheltered Saturn when he was driven from heaven by Jupiter. Janus presided over highways, gates, and locks, and is usually represented with two faces. A brazen temple was erected to him in Rome, which was always open in time of war, and closed during peace. p.25 search the library
- Japetus son of Cœlus and Terra, husband of Clymene. He was looked upon by the Greeks as the father of mankind. See Iapetos. p.25 search the library
- Jove A very general name of Jupiter. p.26 search the library
- Judges In Hell THE, were Rhadamanthus for Asiatics; Æacus for Europeans; Minos was the presiding judge. See Triptolemus. p.26 search the library
- Jupiter son of Saturn and Cybele (or Ops), was born on Mount Ida, in Crete, and nourished by the goat Amalthæa. When quite young Jupiter rescued his father from the Titans; and afterwards, with the help of Hercules, defeated the giants, the sons of earth, when they made war against heaven. Jupiter was worshipped with great solemnity under various names by most of the heathen nations. The Africans called him Ammon; the Babylonians, Belus; and the Egyptians, Osiris (see Jove). He was represented as a majestic personage seated on a throne, holding in his hands a sceptre and a thunderbolt; at his feet stood a spread eagle. p.27 search the library
- Justice see Astrea, Nemesis. p.27
- Kali Hindu A Hindoo goddess, after whom Calcutta is named. p.27 search the library
- Kaloc One of the chief of the Mexican gods. p.27 search the library
- Kama Hindu The Hindoo god of love. p.27 search the library
- Kebla The point of the compass which worshippers look to during their invocations. Thus the Sol or Sun worshippers turn to the east, where the sun rises, and the Mohammedans turn towards Mecca. p.27 search the library
- Kederli in Mohammedan mythology, is a god corresponding to the English St. George, and is still invoked by the Turks when they go to war. p.27 search the library
- Kiun Egyptian The Egyptian Venus. p.27 search the library
- Kneph Egyptian An Egyptian god, having a ram’s head and a man’s body. p.27 search the library
- Krishna Hindu An Indian god, the revenger of wrongs; also called the Indian Apollo. p.27 search the library
- Krodo The Saxon Saturn. p.27 search the library
- Kumara The war-god of the Hindoos. p.27 search the library
- Kuvera Hindu The Hindoo god of riches. p.27 search the library
- Labe The Arabian Circe, who had unlimited power of metamorphosis. p.27 search the library
- Labour see Atlas, Hercules. p.27
- Labyrinth see Theseus. p.27
- Lachesis One of the three Fates or Parcæ. She spun the thread of life. p.27 search the library
- Lacinia A name of Juno. p.27 search the library
- Lactura One of the goddesses of growing corn. p.27 search the library
- Ladon The dragon which guarded the apples in the garden of the Hesperides. Also the name of one of Actæon’s hounds. Also the river to which Syrinx fled when pursued by Pan, where she was changed into a reed, and where Pan made his first pipe. p.27 search the library
- Laksmi Hindu Hindoo goddess of wealth and pleasure. One of the husbands of Vishnu. p.27 search the library
- Lamentation see Cocytus. p.27
- Lamia An evil deity amongst the Greeks and Romans, and the great dread of their children, whom she had the credit of constantly enticing away and destroying. p.27 search the library
- Lamp see Lares and Penates. p.27
- Lampos One of Aurora’s chariot horses, the other being Phæton. p.27 search the library
- Laocoon One of the priests of Apollo, who was, with his two sons, crushed to death by serpents, because he opposed the admission of the wooden horse to Troy. p.27 search the library
- Laomedon son of Ilus, a Trojan king. He was famous for having, with the assistance of Apollo and Neptune, built the walls of Troy. p.27 search the library
- Lapis The oath stone. The Romans used to swear by Jupiter Lapis. p.27 search the library
- Lapithus son of Apollo. His numerous children were called Lapithæ, and they are notorious for their fight with the centaurs at the nuptial feast of Perithous and Hippodamia. p.27 search the library
- Lark see Scylla and Nysus. p.28
- Latona daughter of Cœus and Phœbus, mother of Apollo and Diana. Being admired so much by Jupiter, Juno was jealous, and Latona was the object of the goddess’s constant persecution. p.28 search the library
- Laughter see Momus and Venus. p.28
- Laurel see Daphne. p.28
- Laverna The goddess of thieves. p.28 search the library
- Law see Menu. p.28
- Lawgiver see Nomius. p.28
- Laws see Themis. p.28
- Leander see Hero. p.28
- Leather Bottle see Ascolia. p.28
- Lemnius One of the names of Vulcan. p.28 search the library
- Lemures The spectres of departed souls. Milton, in his “Ode to the Nativity,” says-- p.28 search the library
- Lerna The lake near Argos where Hercules conquered the Hydra. p.28 search the library
- Lethe One of the rivers of the infernal regions, of which the souls of the departed are obliged to drink to produce oblivion or forgetfulness of everything they did or knew while alive on the earth. p.28 search the library
- Leucothea The name of Ino after she was transformed into a sea-nymph. p.28 search the library
- Levana The deity who presided over new-born infants. p.28 search the library
- Level THE, see Dædalus. p.28 search the library
- Liakura Mount Parnassus. p.28 search the library
- Liberal Arts see Minerva. p.28
- Liber Pater A name of Bacchus. p.28 search the library
- Liberty see Bacchus. p.28
- Libissa Queen of fays and fairies. p.28 search the library
- Libitina The chief of the funeral deities. p.28 search the library
- Licentiousness see Belphegor. p.28
- Ligea Greek A Greek syren or sea-nymph. p.28 search the library
- Lightning see Agni. p.28
- Lilith A Jewish myth who is a great enemy to new-born children. She was said to have been Adam’s first wife, but, refusing to submit to him, was turned from Paradise and made a spectre. p.28 search the library
- Lina The goddess of the art of weaving. p.28 search the library
- Lindor A lover in the shape of a shepherd, like Corydon; a love-sick swain. p.28 search the library
- Lion see Atalanta, Chimæra. p.28
- Liver see Tityus and Prometheus. p.28
- Locks see Janus. p.28
- Lofen Norse The Scandinavian god who guards friendship. p.28 search the library
- Lofua Norse The Scandinavian goddess who reconciles lovers. p.28 search the library
- Loke Norse The Scandinavian Satan, the god of strife, the spirit of evil. p.28 search the library
- Lotis A daughter of Neptune, who fled from Priapus, and only escaped from him by being transformed into a lotus-plant. p.28 search the library
- Lotus-Plant see Lotis. p.28
- Love see Cupid, Eros, Venus. p.28
- Lucian The impersonation of folly, changed into an ass. p.28 search the library
- Lucifer The morning star. p.28 search the library
- Lucina The goddess who presides at the birth of children. She was a daughter of Jupiter and Juno. p.28 search the library
- Lud In ancient British mythology the king of the Britons. p.29 search the library
- Luna The name of Diana as a celestial divinity. See Diana and Hecate. p.29 search the library
- Lupercus Roman or Pan. The Roman god of fertility; his festival day was 15th February, and the festivals were called Lupercalia. p.29 search the library
- Lycaonian Food Execrable viands, such as were supplied to Jupiter by Lycaon. To test the divine knowledge of the god he served up human flesh, which Jove discovered, and punished Lycaon by turning him into a wolf. p.29 search the library
- Lymniades Nymphs who resided in marshes. p.29 search the library
- Lynceus One of the Argonauts. The personification of sharpsightedness. p.29 search the library
- Lyre This musical instrument is constantly associated with the doings of the ancient deities. Amphion built the walls of Thebes by the music of his lyre. Arion charmed the dolphins in a similar way. Hercules broke the head of Linus, his music master, with the lyre he was learning to use; and Orpheus charmed the most savage beasts, and even the Harpies and gods of the infernal regions, with the enchanting music of the lyre. See Mercury. p.29 search the library
- Magicians see Telchines. p.29
- Magna De’A a name of Ceres. p.29 search the library
- Magpies see Pierides. p.29
- Mahasoor Hindu The Hindoo god of evil. p.29 search the library
- Maia Greek The mother of the Grecian Mercury. p.29 search the library
- Mammon The money-god. p.29 search the library
- Manes The souls of the departed. The god of funerals and tombs. p.29 search the library
- Manuring Land see Picumnus. p.29
- Marina A name of Venus, meaning sea-foam, from her having been formed from the froth of the sea. See Aphrodite. p.29 search the library
- Marriage see Cama, Hymen, Juno, Jugatinus. p.29
- Mars the god of war, was the son of Jupiter and Juno. Venus was his favourite goddess, and amongst their children were Cupid, Anteros, and Harmonia. In the Trojan War Mars took the part of the Trojans, but was defeated by Diomedes. p.29 search the library
- Marshes see Lymniades. p.29
- Marsyas The name of the piper who challenged Apollo to a musical contest, and, being defeated, was flayed to death by the god. He was the supposed inventor of the flute. p.29 search the library
- Marut Hindu The Hindoo god of tempestuous winds. p.29 search the library
- Matura One of the rural deities who protected the growing corn at time of ripening. p.29 search the library
- Maximus One of the appellations of Jupiter, being the greatest of the gods. p.29 search the library
- Medea Wife of Jason, chief of the Argonauts. See Jason. p.29 search the library
- Medicine see Apollo. p.29
- Meditation see Harpocrates. p.29
- Medusa One of the Gorgons. Minerva changed her beautiful hair into serpents. She was conquered by Perseus, who cut off her head, and placed it on Minerva’s shield. Every one who looked at the head was turned into stone. p.29 search the library
- Megale Greek A Greek name of Juno, meaning great. p.30 search the library
- Melicerta see Palæmon. p.30
- Mellona One of the rural divinities, the goddess of bees. p.30 search the library
- Melpomene One of the Muses, the goddess of tragedy. p.30 search the library
- Memory see Mnemosyne. p.30
- Mendes Egyptian An Egyptian god like Pan. He was worshipped in the form of a goat. p.30 search the library
- Menelaus A Spartan king. The elopement of his wife Helen with Paris was the origin of the siege of Troy. See Helena. p.30 search the library
- Menu Hindu The Hindoo god of law. See Satyavrata. p.30 search the library
- Merchants see Mercury. p.30
- Mercury Egyptian the son of Jupiter and Maia, was the messenger of the gods, and the conductor of the souls of the dead to Hades. He was the supposed inventor of weights and measures, and presided over orators and merchants. Mercury was accounted a most cunning thief, for he stole the bow and quiver of Apollo, the girdle of Venus, the trident of Neptune, the tools of Vulcan, and the sword of Mars, and he was therefore called the god of thieves. He is the supposed inventor of the lyre, which he exchanged with Apollo for the Caduceus. There was also an Egyptian Mercury, under the name of Thot, who is credited with having taught the Egyptians geometry and hieroglyphics. p.30 search the library
- Lloyd 1750. p.30 search the library
- Meru Hindu The abode of the Hindoo god Vishnu. It is at the top of a mountain 80,000 leagues high. The Olympus of the Indians. p.30 search the library
- Midas A king of Phrygia, who begged of Bacchus the special gift that everything that he touched might be turned into gold. The request was granted, and as soon as he touched his food it also was turned to gold, and for fear of being starved he was compelled to ask the god to withdraw the power he had bestowed upon him. He was told to bathe in the river Pactolus. He did so, and the sands which he stood on were golden for ever after. It was this same king who, being appointed to be judge in a musical contest between Apollo and Pan, gave the Satyr the palm; whereupon Apollo, to show his contempt, bestowed on him a pair of asses’ ears. This gave rise to the term “Midas-eared,” as a synonym for ill-judged, or indiscriminate. p.30 search the library
- Milo a celebrated Cretan athlete, who is said to have felled an ox with his fist, and to have eaten the beast in one day. His statue is often seen with one hand in the rift of a tree trunk, out of which he is vainly trying to withdraw it. The fable is, that when he got an old man he attempted to split an oak tree, but having lost his youthful vigour, the tree closed on his hand and he was held a prisoner till the wolves came and devoured him. p.31 search the library
- Mimallones The “wild women” who accompanied Bacchus, so called because they mimicked his actions. p.31 search the library
- Mimir Norse In Scandinavian mythology the god of wisdom. p.31 search the library
- Mind see Erinnys. p.31
- Minerva the goddess of wisdom, war, and the liberal arts, is said to have sprung from the head of Jupiter fully armed for battle. She was a great benefactress of mankind, and patroness of the fine arts. She was the tutelar deity of the city of Athens. She is also known by the names of Pallas, Parthenos, Tritonia, and Glaukopis. She was very generally worshipped by the ancients, and her temple at Athens, the Parthenon, still remains. She is represented in statues and pictures as wearing a golden helmet encircled with an olive branch, and a breastplate. In her right hand she carries a lance, and by her side is the famous Ægis or shield, covered with the skin of Amalthæa, the goat which nourished Jupiter; and for the boss of the shield is the head of Medusa. An owl, the emblem of meditation, is on the left; and a cock, the emblem of courage, on the right. The Elgin Marbles in the British Museum were brought from the Parthenon, her temple at Athens. p.31 search the library
- Minos The principal of the three judges of hell, before whom the spirits of the departed appeared and heard their doom. p.31 search the library
- Minotaur The monster, half man, half bull, which Theseus slew. p.31 search the library
- Mirth see Momus. p.31
- Misery see Genii. p.31
- Mithra Roman A Persian divinity, the ruler of the universe, corresponding with the Roman Sol. p.31 search the library
- Mnemosyne Mother of the Muses and goddess of memory. Jupiter courted the goddess in the guise of a shepherd. p.31 search the library
- Moakibat The recording angel of the Mohammedans. p.31 search the library
- Moloch A god of the Phœnicians to whom human victims, principally children, were sacrificed. Moloch is figurative of the influence which impels us to sacrifice that which we ought to cherish most dearly. p.31 search the library
- Momus The god of sarcasm. The god who blamed Jove for not having made a window in man’s breast, so that his thoughts could be seen. His bitter jests occasioned his being driven from heaven in disgrace. He is represented as holding an image of Folly in one hand, and raising a mask from his face with the other. He is also described as the god of mirth or laughter. p.31 search the library
- Moneta A name given to Juno by those writers who considered her the goddess of money. p.31 search the library
- Money see Moneta. p.31
- Money-God see Mammon. p.31
- Moon The moon was, by the ancients, called _Hecate_ before and after setting; _Astarte_ when in crescent form; _Diana_ when in full. See Luna. p.31 search the library
- Morpheus The god of sleep and dreams, the minister of Somnus. p.32 search the library
- Mors Death, a daughter of Nox. p.32 search the library
- Mountain see Atlas, Nymph. p.32
- Mulciber A name of Vulcan, sometimes spelled Mulcifer. See Vulcan. p.32 search the library
- Munin Norse The Scandinavian god of memory, represented by the raven that was perched on Odin’s shoulder. p.32 search the library
- Muscarius A name given to Jupiter because he kept off the flies from the sacrifices. p.32 search the library
- Muses THE, were nine daughters of Jupiter and Mnemosyne. They presided over the arts and sciences, music and poetry. Their names were, Calliope, Clio, Erato, Thalia, Melpomene, Terpsichore, Euterpe, Polyhymnia, and Urania. They principally resided in Mount Parnassus, at Helicon. p.32 search the library
- Music see Apollo, Muses. p.32
- Mythras Egyptian The Egyptian name of Apollo. p.32 search the library
- Naiads THE, were beautiful nymphs of human form who presided over springs, fountains, and wells. They resided in the meadows by the sides of rivers. Virgil mentions Ægle as being the fairest of them. p.32 search the library
- Nandi Hindu The Hindoo goddess of joy. p.32 search the library
- Narae The name of the infernal regions amongst the Hindoos. p.32 search the library
- Narayan Hindu The mover of the waters. The Hindoo god of tides. p.32 search the library
- Narcissus son of Cephisus and the Naiad Liriope, was a beautiful youth, who was so pleased with the reflection of himself which he saw in the placid water of a fountain that he could not help loving it, imagining that it must be some beautiful nymph. His fruitless endeavours to possess himself of the supposed nymph drove him to despair, and he killed himself. There sprang from his blood a flower, which was named after him, Narcissus. p.32 search the library
- Nastrond Norse The Scandinavian place of eternal punishment, corresponding with Hades. p.32 search the library
- Natio Roman A Roman goddess who took care of young infants. p.32 search the library
- Nemesis the goddess of vengeance or justice, was one of the infernal deities. Her mother was Nox. She was supposed to be constantly travelling about the earth in search of wickedness, which she punished with the greatest severity. She is referred to by some writers under the name of Adrastæa. The Romans always sacrificed to this goddess before they went to war, because they wished to signify that they never took up arms but in the cause of justice. p.32 search the library
- Nephalia Greek Grecian festivals in honour of Mnemosyne, the mother of the Muses. p.32 search the library
- Neptune god of the sea, was a son of Saturn and Cybele, and brother of Jupiter and Pluto. He quarrelled with Jupiter because he did not consider that the dominion of the sea was equal to Jupiter’s empire of heaven and earth; and he was banished from the celestial regions, after having conspired with Pluto to dethrone Jupiter. Neptune was married to Amphitrite, daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, by whom he had a son named Triton. He was also father of Polyphemus (one of the Cyclopes), Phoreus, and Proteus. Neptune is represented as being seated in a shell chariot, drawn by dolphins or sea-horses, and surrounded by Tritons and sea-nymphs. He holds in his hand a trident, with which he rules the waves. Though a marine deity, he was reputed to have presided over horse-training and horse-races; but he is principally known as the god of the ocean; and the two functions of the god are portrayed in the sea-horses with which his chariot is drawn, the fore-half of the animal being a horse, and the hind-half a dolphin. Ships were also under his protection, and whenever he appeared on the ocean there was a dead calm. p.33 search the library
- Nereides THE, were aquatic nymphs. They were daughters of Nereus and Doris, and fifty in number. They are generally represented as beautiful girls riding on dolphins, and carrying tridents in the right hand. p.33 search the library
- Nereus A sea deity, husband of Doris. He had the gift of prophecy, and foretold fates; but he had also the power of assuming various shapes, which enabled him to escape from the importunities of those who were anxious to consult him. p.33 search the library
- Nessus The name of the Centaur which was destroyed by Hercules for insulting Dejanira. p.33 search the library
- Nestor Greek A grandson of Neptune, his father being Neleus, and his mother Chloris. Homer makes him one of the greatest of the Greek heroes. He was present at the famous battle between the Lapithæ and the Centaurs, and took a leading part in the Trojan war. p.33 search the library
- Nicephorus A name of Jupiter, meaning the bearer of victory. p.33 search the library
- Nidhogg Norse In Scandinavian mythology the dragon who dwells in Nastrond. p.33 search the library
- Niflheim Norse The Scandinavian hell. It was supposed to consist of nine vast regions of ice beneath the North Pole, where darkness reigns eternally. See Nastrond. p.33 search the library
- Night see Nox. p.33
- Nightingale see Philomela. p.33
- Nightmare see Incubus. p.33
- Nine THE, see Muses. p.33 search the library
- Nomius A lawgiver; one of the names of Apollo. This title was also given to Mercury for the part he took in inventing beneficent laws. p.33 search the library
- Norns Norse Three Scandinavian goddesses, who wove the woof of human destiny. p.33 search the library
- Notus Another name for Auster, the south wind. p.33 search the library
- Nundina The goddess who took charge of children when they were nine days old--the day on which the Romans named their children. p.34 search the library
- Nuptialis A title of Juno. When the goddess was invoked under this name, the gall of the victim was taken out and thrown behind the altar, signifying that there should be no gall (bitterness) or anger between married people. p.34 search the library
- Nuriel In Hebrew mythology the god of hailstorms. p.34 search the library
- Nyctelius A name given to Bacchus, because his festivals were celebrated by torchlight. p.34 search the library
- Nymphs This was a general name for a class of inferior female deities who were attendants of the gods. Some of them presided over springs, fountains, wells, woods, and the sea. They are spoken of as land-nymphs or Naiads, and sea-nymphs or Nereides, though the former are associated also with fountains and rivers. The Dryades were forest-nymphs, and the Hama-dryades were nymphs who lived amongst the oak-trees--the oak being always specially venerated by the ancients. The mountain-nymphs were called Oreades. p.34 search the library
- Nysus A king of Megara who was invisible by virtue of a particular lock of hair. This lock his daughter Scylla cut off, and so betrayed her father to his enemies. She was changed into a lark, and the king into a hawk, and he still pursues his daughter, intending to punish her for her treachery. p.34 search the library
- Oannes An Eastern god, represented as a monster, half man, half fish. He was said to have taught men the use of letters in the day-time, and at night to have retired to the depth of the ocean. p.34 search the library
- Oath see Lapis. p.34
- Obambou A devil of African mythology. p.34 search the library
- Ocean see Neptune. p.34
- Oceanides Sea-nymphs, daughters of Oceanus and Tethys. Their numbers are variously estimated by different poets; some saying there were as many as 3000, while others say they were as few as sixteen. The principal of them are mentioned under their respective names, as Amphitrite, Doris, Metis, etc. p.34 search the library
- Oceanus son of Cœlus and Terra, and husband of Tethys. Several mythological rivers were called his sons, as Alpheus, Peneus, etc., and his daughters were called the Oceanides. Some of the ancients worshipped him as the god of the seas, and invariably invoked his aid when they were about to start on a voyage. He was also thought to personify the immense stream which it was supposed surrounded the earth, and into which the sun and moon and other heavenly bodies sank every day. p.34 search the library
- Ocridion A king of Rhodes, who was deified after his death. p.34 search the library
- Ocypete One of the Harpies, who infected everything she touched. The word means swift of flight. p.34 search the library
- Ocyroe A daughter of Chiron, who had the gift of prophecy. She was metamorphosed into a mare. p.34 search the library
- Odin Norse In Scandinavian mythology the god of the universe, and reputed father of all the Scandinavian kings. His wife’s name was Friga, and his two sons were Thor and Balder. p.34 search the library
- Ogygia An island, the abode of Calypso, in the Mediterranean Sea. It was so beautiful in sylvan scenery that even Mercury (who dwelt on Olympus) was charmed with the spot. p.35 search the library
- Ointment see Phaon. p.35
- Olenus A daughter of Vulcan, wife of Lethæa, a woman who thought herself more beautiful than the goddesses, and as a punishment she and her husband were turned into stone statues. p.35 search the library
- Olives see Aristæus. p.35
- Olympius A name of Jupiter, from Olympia, where the god had a splendid temple, which was considered to be one of the seven wonders of the world. p.35 search the library
- Olyras A river near Thermopylæ, which, it is said, attempted to extinguish the funeral pile on which Hercules was consumed. p.35 search the library
- Omophagia A Bacchanalian festival at which some uncooked meats were served. p.35 search the library
- Omphale The Queen of Lydia, to whom Hercules was sold as a bondsman for three years for the murder of Iphitus. Hercules fell in love with her, and led an effeminate life in her society, wearing female apparel, while Omphale wore the lion’s skin. p.35 search the library
- Onarus A priest of Bacchus, said to have married Ariadne after she had been abandoned by Theseus. p.35 search the library
- Onuva The Venus of the ancient Gauls. p.35 search the library
- Opalia Roman Roman festivals in honour of Ops, held on 14th of the calends of January. p.35 search the library
- Opiate-Rod see Caduceus. p.35
- Ops Mother of the gods, a daughter of Cœlus and Terra. She was known by the several names of Bona Dea, Rhea, Cybele, Magna Mater, Proserpine, Tellus, and Thya; and occasionally she is spoken of as Juno and Minerva. She personified labour, and is represented as a comely matron, distributing gifts with her right hand, and holding in her left hand a loaf of bread. Her festival was the 14th day of the January calends. p.35 search the library
- Oracles see Themis. p.35
- Orbona The goddess of orphans. p.35 search the library
- Orchards see Feronia. p.35
- Orgies Drunken revels. The riotous feasts of Bacchus were so designated. p.35 search the library
- Orion A famous handsome giant, who was blinded by Œnopion for a grievous wrong done to Merope, and he was expelled from Chios. The sound of the Cyclopes’ hammers led him to the abode of Vulcan, who gave him a guide. He then consulted an oracle, and had his sight restored, as Longfellow says, by fixing p.35 search the library
- Orithyia A daughter of Erechtheus, whose lover, Boreas, carried her off while she was wandering by the river Ilissus. Her children were Zetes and Calais, two winged warriors who accompanied the Argonauts. p.36 search the library
- Ormuzd Persian In Persian mythology the creator of all things. p.36 search the library
- Oros Egyptian The Egyptian Apollo. p.36 search the library
- Orphans see Orbona. p.36
- Osiris Egyptian The Egyptian god of the sun; he was worshipped under the form of an ox. p.36 search the library
- Ossa One of the mountains which the giants piled on the top of Olympus to enable them to ascend to heaven and attack the gods. p.36 search the library
- Ox see Apis. p.36
- Owl see Æsculapius and Itys. p.36
- Pactolus The river in Lydia where Midas washed himself by order of Bacchus, and the sands were turned to gold. p.36 search the library
- Pales The goddess of shepherds and protectress of flocks; her festivals were called Palilia. p.36 search the library
- Palladium A famous statue of the goddess Pallas (Minerva). She is sitting with a spear in her right hand, and in her left a distaff and spindle. Various accounts are given of the origin of it. Some writers say it fell from the skies. It was supposed that the preservation of the statue would be the preservation of Troy; and during the Trojan War the Greeks were greatly encouraged when they became the possessors of it. p.36 search the library
- Pallas or Minerva. The name was given to Minerva when she destroyed a famous giant named Pallas. See Minerva. p.36 search the library
- Pan The Arcadian god of shepherds, huntsmen, and country folk, and chief of the inferior deities, is usually considered to have been the son of Mercury and Penelope. After his birth he was metamorphosed into the mythical form in which we find him depicted, namely, a horned, long-eared man, with the lower half of the body like a goat. He is generally seen playing a pipe made of reeds of various lengths, which he invented himself, and from which he could produce music which charmed even the gods. These are the Pan-pipes, played by Punch and Judy showmen. Pan’s terrific appearance once so frightened the Gauls when they invaded Greece that they ran away though no one pursued them; and the word _panic_ is said to have been derived from this episode. The Fauns, who greatly resembled Pan, were his attendants. p.37 search the library
- Pandora according to Hesiod, was the first mortal female. Vulcan made her of clay, and gave her life. Venus gave her beauty; and the art of captivating was bestowed upon her by the Graces. She was taught singing by Apollo, and Mercury taught her oratory. Jupiter gave her a box, the famous “Pandora’s Box,” which she was told to give to her husband, Epimetheus, brother of Prometheus. As soon as he opened it there issued from it numberless diseases and evils which were soon spread all over the world, and from that moment they have afflicted the human race. It is said that Hope alone remained in the box. p.37 search the library
- Pantheon The temple of all the gods, built by Agrippa at Rome, in the reign of Augustus. It was 144 feet in diameter, and 144 feet high; and was built in the Corinthian style of architecture, mostly of marble; while its walls were covered with engraved brass and silver. Its magnificence induced Pliny to give it rank amongst the wonders of the world. p.37 search the library
- Paphia a name of Venus. p.37 search the library
- Papremis Egyptian The Egyptian Mars. p.37 search the library
- Parnassides a name common to the Muses, from Mount Parnassus. p.38 search the library
- Parnassus The mountain of the Muses in Phocis, and sacred to Apollo and Bacchus. Any one who slept on this mountain became a poet. It was named after one of the sons of Bacchus. p.38 search the library
- Parthenon The temple of Minerva (or Pallas), at Athens. It was destroyed by the Persians, and rebuilt by Pericles. p.38 search the library
- Pasithea Sometimes there are _four_ Graces spoken of; when this is so, the name of the fourth is Pasithea. p.38 search the library
- Pavan Hindu the Hindoo god of the winds. p.38 search the library
- Peace see Concordia. p.38
- Peacock see Argus. p.38
- Pegasus The famous winged horse which was said to have sprung from the blood of Medusa when her head was cut off by Perseus. His abode was on Mount Helicon, where, by striking the ground with his hoof, he caused water to spring forth, which formed the fountain afterwards called Hippocrene. p.38 search the library
- Peleus A king of Thessaly, who married Thetis, one of the Nereids. p.38 search the library
- Pelias A son of Neptune and Tyro. He usurped the throne of Cretheus, which Jason was persuaded to relinquish and take the command of the Argonautic expedition. On the return of Jason, Medea, the sorceress, undertook to restore Pelias to youth, but required that the body should first be cut up and put in a caldron of boiling water. When this had been done, Medea refused to fulfil her promise. Pelias had four daughters, who were called the Peliades. p.39 search the library
- Pelion A well-wooded mountain, famous for the wars between the giants and the gods, and as the abode of the Centaurs, who were expelled by the Lapithæ. p.39 search the library
- Pelops son of Tantalus, king of Phrygia. His father killed him, and served him up to be eaten at a feast given to the gods, who, when they found out what the father of Pelops had done, restored the son to life, and he afterwards became the husband of Hippodamia. p.39 search the library
- Penates Roman Roman domestic gods. See Lares. p.39 search the library
- Perpetual Punishment see Sisyphus. p.39
- Persephone Greek The Greek name of Proserpine. p.39 search the library
- Persuasion goddess of, see Pitho. p.39 search the library
- Phaeton A son of Sol, or, according to most mythologists, of Phœbus and Clymene. Anxious to display his skill in horsemanship, he was allowed to drive the chariot of the sun for one day. The horses soon found out the incapacity of the charioteer, became unmanageable, and overturned the chariot. There was such great fear of injury to heaven and earth, that Jove, to stop the destruction, killed Phaeton with a thunderbolt. p.39 search the library
- Phaon A boatman, who received from Venus a box of ointment, with which, when he anointed himself, he grew so beautiful that Sappho became enamoured of him; but when the ointment had all been used Phaon returned to his former condition, and Sappho, in despair, drowned herself. p.39 search the library
- Pheasant see Itys. p.39
- Phlegethon A river of fire in the infernal regions. It was the picture of desolation, for nothing could grow on its parched and withered banks. p.40 search the library
- Phlegyas Son of Mars and father of Ixion and Coronis. For his impiety in desecrating and plundering the temple of Apollo at Delphi, he was sent to Hades, and there was made to sit with a huge stone suspended over his head, ready to be dropped on him at any moment. p.40 search the library
- Phorcus A son of Neptune, father of the Gorgons. p.40 search the library
- Phryxus see Golden Fleece. p.40
- Picumnus A rural divinity, who presided over the manuring of lands, called also Sterentius. p.40 search the library
- Picus A son of Saturn, father of Faunus, was turned into a woodpecker by Circe, whose love he had not requited. p.40 search the library
- Pierides A name of the Muses, derived from Pieria, a fountain near Mount Olympus, where they were supposed to have been born. Also, the daughters of Pierus, a king of Macedonia, who settled in Bœotia. They challenged the Muses to sing, and were changed into magpies. p.40 search the library
- Pillar see Calpe. p.40
- Pilumnus A rural divinity, which presided over the corn while it was being ground. p.40 search the library
- Pine-Tree see Atys. p.40
- Pirithous A son of Ixion and great friend of Theseus, King of Athens. The marriage of Pirithous and Hippodamia became famous for the quarrel between the drunken Centaurs and the Lapithæ, who, with the help of Theseus, Pirithous, and Hercules, attacked and overcame the Centaurs, many of whom were killed, and the rest took to flight. p.40 search the library
- Pitho the goddess of Persuasion, daughter of Mercury and Venus. She is sometimes referred to under the name of Suada. p.40 search the library
- Plants see Demogorgon. p.40
- Pleasure see Rembha. p.40
- Pleiades THE. Seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione. Their names were Electra, Alcyone, Celæno, Maia, Sterope, Taygete, and Merope. They were made a constellation, but as there are only six stars to be seen, the ancients believed that one of the sisters, Merope, married a mortal, and was ashamed to show herself amongst her sisters, who had all been married to gods. p.40 search the library
- Pluto King of the infernal regions. He was a son of Saturn and Ops, and husband of Proserpine, daughter of Ceres. He is sometimes referred to under the name Dis, and he personifies hell. His principal attendant was the three-headed dog Cerberus, and about his throne were the Eumenides, the Harpies, and the Furies. p.41 search the library
- Plutus the god of riches, was son of Jason and Ceres. He is described as being blind and lame; blind because he so often injudiciously bestows his riches, and lame because fortunes come so slowly. p.41 search the library
- Pluvius A name of Jupiter, because he had the rain in his control. p.41 search the library
- Podalirius A famous surgeon, a son of Æsculapius, who was very serviceable amongst the soldiers in the Trojan war. p.41 search the library
- Poet see Parnassus. p.41
- Poetry see Apollo, Calliope, The Muses. p.41
- Poisonous Herbs see Circe. p.41
- Poisonous Lake see Avernus. p.41
- Pollear Hindu Son of Siva, the Hindoo god of wisdom. p.41 search the library
- Pollux Greek Twin brother of Castor. Their father was Jupiter and their mother Leda. He and his brother form the constellation Gemini. His Greek name was Polydeuces. See Ædepol. p.41 search the library
- Polybotes One of the giants who made war against Jupiter. p.41 search the library
- Polydeuces Greek The Greek name of Pollux. p.41 search the library
- Polyhymnia Daughter of Jupiter and Mnemosyne. One of the Muses who presided over singing and rhetoric. p.41 search the library
- Polyphemus one of the most celebrated of the Cyclopes, a son of Neptune. He captured Ulysses and twelve of his companions, and it is said that six of them were eaten. The rest escaped by the ingenuity of Ulysses, who destroyed the Cyclop’s one eye with a firebrand. p.41 search the library
- Polyxena Daughter of Priam, king of Troy. It was by her treachery that Achilles was shot in the heel. p.41 search the library
- Pomona Roman The Roman goddess of fruits and gardens. p.41 search the library
- Poplar-Tree see Heliades. p.41
- Poseidon A name of Neptune. p.41 search the library
- Pracriti Hindu The Hindoo goddess of nature. p.41 search the library
- Predictions see Cassandra. p.41
- Priam The last king of Troy. See Paris. p.41 search the library
- Priapus the guardian of gardens and god of natural reproduction, was son of Venus and Bacchus. p.41 search the library
- Prisca Another name of Vesta. p.41 search the library
- Procris Daughter of the king of Athens. See Cephalus. p.41 search the library
- Progne wife of Tereus. See Itys and Tereus. p.41 search the library
- Prophecy see Nereus. p.42
- Proserpine A daughter of Jupiter and Ceres. Pluto carried her off to the infernal regions and made her his wife. She was known by the names of “the Queen of Hell,” Hecate, Juno Inferna, and Libitina. p.42 search the library
- Proteus A marine deity, who could foretell events and convert himself at will into all sorts of shapes. p.42 search the library
- Psyche Greek The wife of Cupid. The name is Greek, signifying the soul or spirit. p.42 search the library
- Pygmalion A famous sculptor who had resolved to remain unmarried, but he made such a beautiful statue of a goddess that he begged Venus to give it life. His request being granted, Pygmalion married the animated statue. p.42 search the library
- Pylotis Greek A Greek name of Minerva. p.42 search the library
- Pyracmon one of the chiefs of the Cyclopes. p.42 search the library
- Pythia The priestess of Apollo at Delphi, who delivered the answers of the oracle. Also the name of the games celebrated in honour of Apollo’s victory over the Pithon. p.42 search the library
- Python A famous serpent killed by Apollo. See Septerion. p.42 search the library
- Quadra’Tus A surname given to Mercury, because some of his statues were four-sided. p.42 search the library
- Quadrifrontis Janus was sometimes depicted with four faces instead of the usual two, and he was then called Janus Quadrifrontis. p.42 search the library
- Quies Roman The Roman goddess of rest; she had a temple just outside the Collini gate of Rome. p.42 search the library
- Quietus One of the names of Pluto. p.42 search the library
- Quirinus A name given to Mars during war time; and Virgil refers to Jupiter under the same name. p.42 search the library
- Quoit see Hyacinthus. p.42
- Race see Atalanta. p.42
- Radamanthus see Rhadamanthus. p.42
- Rage see Furies. p.42
- Rainbow see Iris. p.42
- Rama Hindu A Hindoo god, who was the terrestrial representative of Vishnu. p.42 search the library
- Ram’S Hide see Golden Fleece. p.42
- Reeds see Pan and Syrinx. p.42
- Rembha Hindu The Hindoo goddess of pleasure. p.42 search the library
- Reproduction see Priapus. p.42
- Rest see Quies. p.42
- Revenge see Ate. p.42
- Rhadamanthus a son of Jupiter and Europa, was the judge of the Asiatics in the infernal regions. p.42 search the library
- Rhamnusia A name of Nemesis, from Rhamnus, a town in Attica, where she had a temple in which was her statue, made of one stone ten cubits high. p.43 search the library
- Rhea Greek The Greek name of Cybele. p.43 search the library
- Rhetoric see Calliope, Polyhymnia. p.43
- Riches see Plutus. p.43
- Riddle see Sphinx. p.43
- Rimmon A Phrygian god of whom Milton says-- p.43 search the library
- Riot see Saturnalia. p.43
- River Of Fire see Phlegethon. p.43
- Roads see Vialis. p.43
- Robber see Cacus, Cœculus. p.43
- Romulus The traditional founder of Rome. He was a son of Mars and Ilia, and twin brother of Remus. The infants were thrown into the Tiber, but were miraculously saved and suckled by a she-wolf, till they were found by Faustulus, a shepherd, who brought them up. Remus was killed in a quarrel with his brother, and Romulus became the famous emperor. p.43 search the library
- Rumia Dea Roman The Roman goddess of babes in arms. p.43 search the library
- Runcia The goddess of weeding or cleansing the ground. p.43 search the library
- Saga Norse The Scandinavian goddess of history. p.44 search the library
- Saggitarius see Chiron. p.44
- Sails see Dædalus. p.44
- Salamanders The genii who, according to Plato, lived in fire. p.44 search the library
- Salatia see Amphitrite. p.44
- Salii The priests of Mars who had charge of the sacred shields. p.44 search the library
- Salmoneus A king of Elis who, for trying to imitate Jupiter’s splendours, was sent by the god straight to the infernal regions. p.44 search the library
- Salus Roman The Roman god of health. p.44 search the library
- Sappho a celebrated poetess, a native of Lesbos, who flourished B.C. 610. Her only connection with the goddesses of the time is that the Greeks called her “The tenth Muse.” p.44 search the library
- Sarcasm see Momus. p.44
- Saron a sea-god. p.44 search the library
- Saturn King of the Universe, was father of Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto. These gods quarrelled amongst themselves as to the division of their father’s kingdom, which ended in Jupiter having heaven and earth, Neptune the sea, and Pluto the infernal regions. p.44 search the library
- Saturnalia Festivals held in honour of Saturn about the 16th or 18th of December. Principally famous for the riotous disorder which generally attended them. p.44 search the library
- Saturnius A name given to Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto, as sons of Saturn. p.45 search the library
- Satyavrata Hindu The Hindoo god of law. The same as Menu. p.45 search the library
- Scylla A beautiful nymph who excited the jealousy of Neptune’s wife, Amphitrite, and was changed by the goddess into a frightful sea-monster, which had six fearfully ugly heads and necks, and who, rising unexpectedly from the deep, used to take off as many as six sailors from a vessel, and carry them to the bottom of the sea. An alternative danger with Charybdis. p.45 search the library
- Scylla A daughter of Nysus, who was changed into a lark for cutting off a charmed lock of her father’s hair. See Nysus. p.45 search the library
- Sea see Neptune. p.45
- Seasons see Vertumnus. p.45
- Sea-Weed see Glaucus. p.45
- Segesta A rural divinity who protected corn during harvest-time. p.45 search the library
- Sem Egyptian The Egyptian Hercules. p.45 search the library
- Semele the mother of Bacchus, was born in a miraculous manner after Jupiter had visited her, at her special request, in all his terrible splendour. She was deified after her death, and named Thyone. p.45 search the library
- Semones Roman Roman gods of a class between the “immortal” and the “mortal,” such as the Satyrs and Fauns. p.45 search the library
- Septerion A festival held in honour of Apollo, at which the victory of that god over the Python was grandly represented. p.45 search the library
- Serapis Egyptian The Egyptian Jupiter, and generally considered to be the same as Osiris. See Apis. p.45 search the library
- Serpent The Greeks and Romans considered the serpent as symbolical of guardian spirits, and as such were often engraved on their altars. See Æsculapius, Apollo, Chimera, Eurydice, and Medusa. p.45 search the library
- Seshanaga Egyptian The Egyptian Pluto. p.45 search the library
- Sewers see Cloacina. p.45
- Sharp-Sightedness see Lynceus. p.45
- Shepherds see Pan. p.45
- Shields see Ancilia. p.45
- Ships see Neptune. p.45
- Silence see Harpocrates and Tacita. p.45
- Silenus A Bacchanalian demi-god, the chief of the Satyrs. He is generally represented as a fat, drunken old man, riding on an ass, and crowned with flowers. p.45 search the library
- Singing see Polyhymnia, Thanyris. p.45
- Sirens THE. Sea nymphs, who by their music allured mariners to destruction. To avoid the snare when nearing their abode, Ulysses had the ears of his companions stopped with wax, and had himself tied to the mast of his ship. They thus sailed past in safety; but the Sirens, thinking that their charms had lost their powers, drowned themselves. p.45 search the library
- Sisyphus son of Æolus and Enaretta. He was condemned to roll a stone to the top of a hill in the infernal regions, and as it rolled down again when he reached the summit, his punishment was perpetual. p.46 search the library
- Siva Hindu In Hindoo mythology the “changer of form.” p.46 search the library
- Slaughter see Furies. p.46
- Slaves see Feronia. p.46
- Sleep see Caduceus, Morpheus, and Somnus. p.46
- Sleipner Norse The eight-legged horse of Odin the chief of the Scandinavian gods. p.46 search the library
- Sol The sun. The worship of the god Sol is the oldest on record, and though he is sometimes referred to as being the same as the god Apollo, there is no doubt he was worshipped by the Egyptians, Persians, and other nations long before the Apollo of the Greeks was heard of. See Surya. p.46 search the library
- Somnus The god of sleep, son of Nox (Night). He was one of the infernal deities, and resided in a gloomy cave, void of light and air. p.46 search the library
- Sospita A name of Juno, as the safeguard of women. p.46 search the library
- Soter Greek A Greek name of Jupiter, meaning deliverer. p.46 search the library
- Soul see Psyche. p.46
- South Wind see Auster. p.46
- Spear see Pelias. p.46
- Sphinx THE. A monster having the head and breasts of a woman, the body of a dog, the tail of a serpent, the wings of a bird, the paws of a lion, and a human voice. She lived in the country near Thebes, and proposed to every passer-by the following enigma:--“What animal is that which walks on four legs in the morning, two at noon, and three in the evening.” Œdipus solved the riddle thus:--Man is the animal; for, when an infant he crawls on his hands and feet, in the noontide of life he walks erect, and as the evening of his existence sets in, he supports himself with a stick. When the sphinx found her riddle solved she destroyed herself. p.46 search the library
- Spider see Arachne. p.46
- Spindle see Pallas. p.46
- Spinning see Arachne, Ergotis. p.46
- Spring see Vertumnus. p.46
- Stable see Augæas. p.46
- Stars see Aurora. p.46
- Sterentius Roman The Roman god who invented the art of manuring lands. See also Picumnus. p.46 search the library
- Steropes One of the Cyclopes. p.46 search the library
- Stone see Medusa and Phlegyas. p.46
- Streets see Apollo. p.46
- Stymphalides The carnivorous birds destroyed in the sixth labour of Hercules. p.46 search the library
- Styx A noted river of hell, which was held in such high esteem by the gods that they always swore “By the Styx,” and such an oath was never violated. See Achilles and Thetis. p.46 search the library
- Suada the goddess of Persuasion. See Pitho. p.46 search the library
- Success see Bonus Eventus. p.46
- Sun see Aurora, Belus, Sol, and Surya. p.46
- Sunflower see Clytie. p.46
- Suradevi Hindu The Hindoo goddess of wine. p.47 search the library
- Surgeon see Podalirius. p.47
- Surya Roman The Hindoo god corresponding to the Roman Sol, the sun. p.47 search the library
- Swallow see Itys. p.47
- Swan see Cygnus and Leda. p.47
- Swiftness see Atalanta. p.47
- Swine see Circe. p.47
- Sylphs Genii who, according to Plato, lived in the air. p.47 search the library
- Sylvester The name of Mars when he was invoked to protect cultivated land from the ravages of war. p.47 search the library
- Syrinx The name of the nymph who, to escape from the importunities of Pan, was by Diana changed into reeds, out of which he made his celebrated pipes, and named them “The Syrinx.” p.47 search the library
- Tacita The goddess of Silence. See Harpocrates. p.47 search the library
- Tantalus Father of Niobe and Pelops, who, as a punishment for serving up his son Pelops as meat at a feast given to the gods, was placed in a pool of water in the infernal regions; but the waters receded from him whenever he attempted to quench his burning thirst. Hence the word tantalising. p.47 search the library
- Tartarus An inner region of hell, to which the gods sent the exceptionally depraved. p.47 search the library
- Telchines Priests of Cybele, who were famous magicians. p.47 search the library
- Tellus A name of Cybele, wife of Saturn. p.47 search the library
- Tempests see Fro. p.47
- Temple An edifice erected to the honour of a god or goddess in which the sacrifices were offered. p.47 search the library
- Tenth Muse Sappho was so called. p.47 search the library
- Tergemina A name of Diana, alluding to her triform divinity as goddess of heaven, earth, and hell. p.47 search the library
- Terminus Roman The Roman god of boundaries. p.47 search the library
- Terpsichore One of the nine Muses; she presided over dancing. p.47 search the library
- Terra Greek The earth; one of the most ancient of the Grecian goddesses. p.47 search the library
- Thalestris A queen of the Amazons. p.47 search the library
- Thalia One of the nine Muses; she presided over festivals and comedy. p.47 search the library
- Thalia One of the Graces. p.47 search the library
- Thanyris A skilful singer, who presumed to challenge the Muses to sing, upon condition that if he did not sing best they might inflict any penalty they pleased. He was, of course, defeated, and the Muses made him blind. p.48 search the library
- Theia A daughter of Cœlus and Terra, wife of Hyperion. p.48 search the library
- Themis Roman a daughter of Cœlus and Terra, and wife of Jupiter, was the Roman goddess of laws, ceremonies, and oracles. p.48 search the library
- Theseus Greek One of the most famous of the Greek heroes. He was a son of Ægeus, King of Athens. p.48 search the library
- Thesmonphomus A name of Ceres. p.48 search the library
- Thetis A sea-goddess, daughter of Nereus and Doris. Her husband was Peleus, King of Thessaly, and she was the mother of the famous Achilles, whom she rendered all but invulnerable by dipping him into the River Styx. See Achilles. p.48 search the library
- Thief see Laverna, Mercury. p.48
- Thor Norse The Scandinavian war god (son of Odin), who had rule over the aerial regions, and, like Jupiter, hurled thunder against his foes. p.48 search the library
- Thor’S Belt is a girdle which doubles his strength whenever the war-god puts it on. p.48 search the library
- Thoth The Mercury of the Egyptians. p.48 search the library
- Thread Of Life see Fates. p.48
- Thunderbolts see Cyclops. p.48
- Thunderer THE, Jupiter. See Tonitrualis. p.48 search the library
- Thya a name of Ops. p.48 search the library
- Thyades Priestesses of Bacchus, who ran wild in the hills, wearing tiger-skins and carrying torches. p.48 search the library
- Thyrsus a kind of javelin. See Bacchus. p.48 search the library
- Tides see Naryanan. p.48
- Tisiphone One of the Furies. p.48 search the library
- Titan Elder brother of Saturn, who made war against him, and was ultimately vanquished by Jupiter. p.48 search the library
- Tithonus The husband of Aurora. At the request of his wife the gods granted him immortality, but she forgot at the same time to ask that he should be granted perpetual youth. The consequence was that Tithonus grew old and decrepit, while Aurora remained as fresh as the morning. The gods, however, changed him into a grasshopper, which is supposed to moult as it gets old, and grows young again. p.48 search the library
- Tityus A son of Jupiter. A giant who was thrown into the innermost hell for insulting Diana. He, like Prometheus, has a vulture constantly feeding on his ever-growing liver. p.48 search the library
- Toil see Atlas. p.48
- Tombs see Manes. p.48
- Tongue see Tereus. p.48
- Tonitrualis The Thunderer; a name of Jupiter. p.48 search the library
- Towers see Cybele. p.48
- Tragedy see Melpomene. p.48
- Trees see Aristæus. p.48
- Tribulation see Echidna. p.48
- Triformis see Tergemina. p.48
- Triptolemus A son of Oceanus and Terra. He was a great favourite of the goddess Ceres, who cured him of a dangerous illness when he was young, and afterwards taught him agriculture. She gave him her chariot, which was drawn by dragons, in which he carried seed-corn to all the inhabitants of the earth, and communicated the knowledge given to him by Ceres. Cicero mentions a Triptolemus as the fourth Judge in hell. p.49 search the library
- Triterica Bacchanalian festivals. p.49 search the library
- Trivia A name of Diana. p.49 search the library
- Trophonius One of Jupiter’s most famous oracles. p.49 search the library
- Troy The classic poets say that the walls of this famous city were built by the magic sound of Apollo’s lyre. See Dardanus, Helen, Hercules, Paris. p.49 search the library
- Trumpeters see Tritons. p.49
- Truth A daughter of Time, because Truth is discovered in the course of Time. Democritus says that Truth lies hidden at the bottom of a well. p.49 search the library
- Tutelina A rural divinity--the goddess of granaries. p.49 search the library
- Two Faces see Janus. p.49
- Typhon A monster with a hundred heads who made war against the gods, but was crushed by Jove’s thunderbolts, and imprisoned under Mount Etna. p.49 search the library
- Typhon Egyptian In Egyptian mythology the god who tried to undo all the good work effected by Osiris. p.49 search the library
- Uller Norse The Scandinavian god who presided over archery and duels. p.49 search the library
- Ulysses A noted king of Ithaca, whose exploits in connection with the Trojan war, and his adventures on his return therefrom, are the subject of Homer’s Odyssey. His wife’s name was Penelope, and he was so much endeared to her that he feigned madness to get himself excused from going to the Trojan war; but his artifice was discovered, and he was compelled to go. He was of great help to the Grecians, and forced Achilles from his retreat, and obtained the charmed arrows of Hercules from Philoctetes, and used them against the Trojans. He enabled Paris to shoot one of them at the heel of Achilles, and so kill that charmed warrior. During his wanderings on his homeward voyage he was taken prisoner by the Cyclopes, and escaped, after blinding Polyphemus, their chief. At Æolia he obtained all the winds of heaven, and put them in a bag; but his companions, thinking that the bags contained treasure which they could rob him of when they got to Ithaca, cut the bags, and let out the winds, and the ships were immediately blown back to Æolia. After Circe had turned his companions into swine on an island where he and they were shipwrecked, he compelled the goddess to restore them to their human shape again. As he passed the islands of the Sirens he escaped their allurements by stopping the ears of his companions with wax, and fastening himself to the mast of his ship. His wife Penelope was a pattern of constancy; for, though Ulysses was reported to be dead, she would not marry any one else, and had the satisfaction of finding her husband return after an absence of about twenty years. p.50 search the library
- Undine A water nymph, or sylph. p.50 search the library
- Unknown God AN. With reference to this GOD, nothing can be more appropriate than St. Paul’s address to the Athenians, as recorded in the 17th chapter of the Acts of the Apostles:-- p.50 search the library
- Unxia A name of Juno, relating to her protection of newly-married people. p.51 search the library
- Urania A daughter of Jupiter and Mnemosyne--one of the Muses who presided over astronomy. p.51 search the library
- Uranus Greek The Greek name of Cœlus; his descendants are sometimes called Uranids. p.51 search the library
- Urgus A name of Pluto, signifying the Impeller. p.51 search the library
- Ursa Major see Calistro. p.51
- Ursa Minor see Arcas. p.51
- Usurers see Jani. p.51
- Utgord Loki Norse In Scandinavian mythology the king of the giants. p.51 search the library
- Valhalla Norse The Scandinavian temple of immortality, inhabited by the souls of heroes slain in battle. p.51 search the library
- Vali Norse The Scandinavian god of archery. p.51 search the library
- Valleys see Vallonia. p.51
- Vallonia The goddess of valleys. p.51 search the library
- Varuna Hindu The Hindoo Neptune--generally represented as a white man riding on a sea-horse, carrying a club in one hand and a rope in the other. p.51 search the library
- Vedius The same as Vejovis. p.51 search the library
- Vejovis “Little Jupiter”--a name given to Jupiter when he appeared without his thunder. p.51 search the library
- Vejupiter see Vejovis. p.51
- Vengeance see Nemesis. p.51
- Venus The goddess of beauty, and mother of love. She is said to have sprung from the foam of the sea, and was immediately carried to the abode of the gods on Olympus, where they were all charmed with her extreme beauty. Vulcan married her, but she permitted the attentions of others of the gods, and notably of Mars, their offspring being Hermione, Cupid, and Anteros. After this she left Olympus and fell in love with Adonis, a beautiful youth, who was killed when hunting a wild boar. Venus indirectly caused the Trojan War, for, when the goddess of discord had thrown amongst the goddesses the golden apple inscribed “To the fairest,” Paris adjudged the apple to Venus, and she inspired him with love for Helen, wife of Menelaus, King of Sparta. Paris carried off Helen to Troy, and the Greeks pursued and besieged the city (see Helen, Paris, and Troy). Venus is mentioned by the classic poets under the names of Aphrodite, Cypria, Urania, Astarte, Paphia, Cythera, and the laughter-loving goddess. Her favourite residence was at Cyprus. Incense alone was usually offered on her altars, but if there was a victim it was a white goat. Her attendants were Cupids and the Graces. p.52 search the library
- Verticordia Greek A Roman name of Venus, signifying the power of love to change the hard hearted. The corresponding Greek name was Epistrophia. p.52 search the library
- Vertumnus God of spring, or, as some mythologists say, of the seasons; the husband of Pomona, the goddess of orchards. p.52 search the library
- Vesta daughter of Saturn and Cybele, was the goddess of fire. She had under her special care and protection a famous statue of Minerva, before which the Vestal Virgins kept a fire or lamp constantly burning. p.52 search the library
- Vialis A name of Mercury, because he presided over the making of roads. p.52 search the library
- Victory A goddess, the daughter of Styx and Acheron, generally represented as flying in the air holding out a wreath of laurel. See Nicephorus. p.52 search the library
- Vidor Norse A Scandinavian god, who could walk on the water and in the air. The god of silence (corresponding with the classic Harpocrates). p.52 search the library
- Virtue A goddess worshipped by most of the ancients under various names. The way to the temple of honour was through the temple of virtue. p.52 search the library
- Virtuous Women see Juno. p.52
- Vishnu Hindu The Preserver, the principal Hindoo goddess. p.52 search the library
- Volupia see Angeronia. p.52
- Vulcan the god of fire, was the son of Jupiter and Juno. He offended Jupiter, and was by him thrown out of heaven; he was nine days falling, and at last dropped into Lemnos with such violence that he broke his leg, and was lame for ever after. Vulcan was married to Venus. He is supposed to have formed Pandora out of clay. His servants were the Cyclops. He was the patron deity of blacksmiths. p.52 search the library
- War see Bellona, Chemos, Mars. p.53
- Water see Canopus. p.53
- Water-Nymphs see Doris. p.53
- Wax Tablets see Calliope. p.53
- Wealth see Cuvera. p.53
- Weaving see Ergatos. p.53
- Weeding see Runcina. p.53
- Well see Truth. p.53
- West Wind see Favonius. p.53
- Winds see Aurora, Auster, Boreas, Zephyr. p.53
- Wine see Bacchus, Suradevi. p.53
- Wisdom see Pollear, Minerva. p.53
- Woden Norse the Anglo-Saxon form of the Scandinavian god Odin; Wednesday is called after him. p.53 search the library
- Women’S Safeguard see Sospita. p.53
- Woodpecker see Picus. p.53
- Woods see Dryads. p.53
- World see Chaos. p.53
- Xanthus the name of the wonderful horse of Achilles. p.53 search the library
- Yama Hindu The Hindoo devil, generally represented as a terrible monster of a green colour, with flaming eyes. p.53 search the library
- Ygdrasil Norse The famous ash-tree of Scandinavian mythology, under which the gods held daily council. p.53 search the library
- Ymir Norse The Scandinavian god, corresponding to Chaos of the classics. p.53 search the library
- Zephyr The god of flowers, a son of Æolus and Aurora, the west wind. See Favonius. p.53 search the library
- John Hughes 1700. p.53 search the library
- Zetes with his brother Calais, drove the Harpies from Thrace. p.53 search the library
- Zethus twin brother of Amphion. See Amphion. p.53 search the library
- Zeus Greek The Greek name of Jupiter. p.53 search the library
What the labels mean, and what they do not
A tradition is shown only where the entry names one itself — where the book says "the Grecian Venus" or "In Scandinavian mythology". It is never inferred from a name. That is why 508 of the 653 definitions carry no label at all: the book simply does not say, and guessing would be inventing.
The dictionary indexes subjects as well as gods — MARRIAGE, MANURING LAND, MARCH 24 — and sends the reader elsewhere for them. Those cross-references are kept and marked rather than filtered out, because a reader who looks up MARRIAGE should be sent where the book sends them.
One sentence is not the whole story
A dictionary entry is a starting point and this one is frequently terse: "Aphrodite. A Greek name of Venus." Behind it stand 487 volumes of folklore and mythology on these shelves — Frazer, Budge, Bulfinch and several hundred others — which is why every definition carries a link that searches the whole library for that name. The dictionary tells you who a figure is; the shelves show you the arguments about them.
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